Στοιχεία Τόπου
Επίπεδα τόπων:
Χαρτογραφικό υπόβαθρο:
Γενικά Στοιχεία
| Όνομα | YGROTOPOS EKVOLON KALAMA KAI NISOS PRASOUDI | ||||||
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| Κατηγορία Τόπου | Βιότοπος NATURA | ||||||
| Κωδικός Τόπου | GR2120005 | ||||||
| Κύριος Χαρακτήρας |
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| Διοικητική Υποδιαίρεση | Νομός Θεσπρωτίας | ||||||
| Δήμος-Κοινότητα | |||||||
| Συνολική Έκταση (ha) | 8541.93 | ||||||
| Χερσαία Έκταση (ha) | 6998.13 | ||||||
| Συνολική Περίμετρος (km) | 46.9 | ||||||
| Μέγιστο Υψόμετρο (m) | 506.0 | ||||||
| Ελάχιστο Υψόμετρο (m) | |||||||
| Ένταξη στο Υπάρχον Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο |
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Χαρακτηριστικά
Αξίες
| Οικολογική Αξία |
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| Κοινωνικοοικονομική/πολιτιστική Αξία |
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| Αισθητική Αξία |
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| Σχόλιο για τις αξίες | This site is important for breeding, passage and overwintering waterbirds. Species of concern include: Phalacrocorax pygmeus, Pelecanus crispus, Egretta alba, Plegadis falcinellus, Platalea leucorodia, Aquila clanga, Numenius tenuirostris, Sterna albifrons and Calandrella brachydactyla. The riparian stands have an important ecological role together with high historical and aesthetic value. The surrounding hills play a special ecological role in the structure and function of the conservation of the Kalamas wetland while the thickets of reed and tamarisk and the halophytic plant communities have special ecological characteristics. Taxa with motivation D are: Petrorhagia obcordata subsp. epirotica, which is a Balkan endemic distributed in Greece and Yugoslavia in Greece it occurs only in Epeiros and Thessaly. Azola filiculoides, a small aquatic free-floating fern widely distributed in Europe with an interesting distribution range in Greece, and Alnus glutinosa. The latter species is affected intensively by human pressure, resulting in the continuous decline of its population. The Quercus ithaburensis ssp. macrolepis constitutes remnant stands with special ecological value which must be restored. The delta and the valley of Kalamas river is one of the most important areas in Greece from a zoological point of view. Twelve species (one mammal, six reptiles and four fish) mentioned in the 92/43/EEC Directive (Annex II), have been recorded in this site (see section 3.2). Testudo marginata although less abundant than Testudo hermanni, is obvious in its habitats (mainly in hills with maquis vegetation). According to Economidis (pers. com.), the fish taxa valid for Greece, Pseudophoxinus stymphalicus is well ascribed by the Directive taxa Phoxinellus spp. It is threatened in Greece, at least locally and is endemic to Greece (Pseudophoxinus stymphalicus). Furthermore, many Other and Greek Important Taxa (sections 3.3 and 3.4) have been known to live in this site. Among them, the water shrew Neomys anomalus is mentioned in the Greek Red Data Book under the threat category "Insufficiently Known". Some of these taxa (the exceptions being Myocastor coypus, Microtus thomasi, Apodemus mystacinus epimelas and Apodemus flavicollis brauneri) are protected by the Bern Convention and are, therefore, eligible for motivation C. As far as the Wildcat, Felis silvestris is concerned, it receives motivation C as it is mentioned in the CITES Convention. Some of these taxa, namely the toads B. bufo and B. viridis, the frogs Hyla arborea and Rana dalmatina, the lizards Algyroides nigropunctatus, Lacerta trilineata and Podarcis taurica ionica, the colubrid snakes Coluber gemonensis, C. najadum, Malpolon monspessulanus, Natrix natrix and N. tessellata, the hedgehog Erinaceus concolor, the shrews Crocidura suaveolens and Neomys anomalus, the weasel Mustela nivalis, and the polecat Mustela putorius, are mentioned in the Greek Presidential Decree and therefore justify motivation D. Motivation D is also allocated to the following taxa which have been evaluated by the CORINE-Biotopes Project: the amphibians Bufo viridis, Hyla arborea, Rana dalmatina, the reptiles Ablepharus kitaibelii, Natrix tessellata and the mammal Felis silvestris. Seven Balkan endemics also receive motivation D: Rana epeirotica, Algyroides nigropunctatus, Podarcis taurica ionica, Coluber gemonensis, Microtus thomasi, and the two Apodemus taxa. Finally, motivation D is given to the noutria Myocastor coypus (which is considered a good indicator of well-conserved wetlands), and the generally rare and cryptic Wildcat Felis silvestris. The zoological, ecological and aesthetic value of this site is evident when taking the very interesting local avifauna into account. Rare, threatened and even taxa in danger of extinction, occur in this EC Important Bird Area. The invertebrate species listed in section 3.3 and 3.4 with motivation D are protected by the Greek Presidential Decree 67/1981. Pieris krueperi is also included in the list of "Threatened Rhopalocera (butterflies) of Europe. |
Κίνδυνοι
| Απειλές/διαταραχές |
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| Σχόλιο για τις απειλές-διαταραχές | |
| Τρωτότητα | The main threats come from habitat destruction and water pollution as a result of expanding intensive agriculture, road construction, overgrazing and hunting. Water and soil pollution is observed in the Kalamas wetland due to many human activities (litter throwing, unwise use of fertilizers and pesticides, etc.). Road construction on the hills has made hunting and grazing easier by increasing access to these areas. Many of the animal habitats in this site are very vulnerable because of a variety of human activities. Habitat alteration or destruction within the area in question is mainly due to intensive agriculture (deforestation, pollution), grazing, embankments, sand extraction, stock farming, etc. Hunting is the most serious threat to the sites's avifauna. |
| Προτεραιότητα προστασίας |
Πανίδα και Χλωρίδα
| Χαρακτηριστικά Ενδιαιτήματα |
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| Αξιόλογα Φυτά |
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| Αξιόλογα Θηλαστικά |
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| Αξιόλογα Πτηνά |
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| Αξιόλογα Αμφίβια / Ερπετά |
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| Αξιόλογα Ψάρια |
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| Αξιόλογα Ασπόνδυλα |
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| Σχόλια για τα είδη |
