Στοιχεία Τόπου
Επίπεδα τόπων:
Χαρτογραφικό υπόβαθρο:
Γενικά Στοιχεία
| Όνομα | ETHNIKOS DRYMOS SAMARIAS - FARANGI TRYPITIS - PSILAFI - KOUSTOGERAKO | ||||||
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| Κατηγορία Τόπου | Βιότοπος NATURA | ||||||
| Κωδικός Τόπου | GR4340014 | ||||||
| Κύριος Χαρακτήρας |
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| Διοικητική Υποδιαίρεση | Νομός Χανίων | ||||||
| Δήμος-Κοινότητα | |||||||
| Συνολική Έκταση (ha) | 13979.76 | ||||||
| Χερσαία Έκταση (ha) | 13979.76 | ||||||
| Συνολική Περίμετρος (km) | 55.5 | ||||||
| Μέγιστο Υψόμετρο (m) | 2105.0 | ||||||
| Ελάχιστο Υψόμετρο (m) | |||||||
| Ένταξη στο Υπάρχον Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο |
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Χαρακτηριστικά
Αξίες
| Οικολογική Αξία |
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| Κοινωνικοοικονομική/πολιτιστική Αξία |
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| Αισθητική Αξία |
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| Σχόλιο για τις αξίες | This is an important site for breeding and passage raptors, and for species characteristic of scrub and montane habitats. Species of concern include: Gypaetus barbatus, Aquila chrysaetos, Falco peregrinus and Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax. Samaria gorge is the oldest National Park in Greece. The complexity and the beauty of the site are unique; proof of this fact are the thousands of visitors who come to cross it (circa 150,000 visitors annualy).The National Park is relatively well managed. Undisturbed for a long period, it contains very well balanced and highly diverse plant and animal communities. The National Park is practically the only area where grazing, which is one of the major causes of negative impacts on habitats elsewhere, is forbidden. Field research is necessary in order to document the indications we have about Samaria's gorge importance.OTHER IMPORTANT SPECIES WITH MOTIVATION DPlants: The endemic species Eryngium ternatum, Helichrysum heldreichii, Sanguisorba cretica and Teucrium cuneifoliumare protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81) and included in the IUCN list in the category of threatened plants and in the European Red Book of Globally threatened plants characterized as "rare". Animals: Mustela nivalis is protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81) and by the Bern Convention.. Glis glis argenteus and Meles meles arcalus are included in the National Red Data Book and are protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81) and by the Bern Convention. Martes foina is protected by the Bern Convention.All the reptiles and the amphibian Bufo viridis are protected by the Bern Convention. Bufo viridis, Chalcides occelatus, Lacerta thrineata polylepidota and Podarkis erhardii leukaorii are, also, included in the Directive 92/43/EEC as species of community interest. Hemidactylus turcicus is protected by the Presidential Decree 67/81. |
Κίνδυνοι
| Απειλές/διαταραχές |
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| Σχόλιο για τις απειλές-διαταραχές | |
| Τρωτότητα | The construction of new roads is a major threat. There are two other major potential threats for the site:1) Pressure from heavy tourism activities 2) Fire: The possibility of wild and uncontrolled fires is a continuous threat for the extremely flammable vegetation of the area moreover since it will be difficult to put out because of the complex geomorphology of the area. In addition, there is a large number of, actually uncontrolled, pastoral fires burning and continuously degrading the phrygana communities. These fires, influence almost the whole region of the White Mountains and several locations around the National Park.Other activities and impacts on the site are: 3) Genetic pollution: Genetic pollution is one of the major problems concerning the site; it refers to the cross breeding of the Capra aigagrus cretica with domestic goats which have turned wild, a process for which very little is known.4) Hunting: Illegal hunting and over - hunting in the area surrounding the National Park. Of special note is the impacts on Capra aigagrus cretica and Aqcuila chrysaetos.5) Introduction of disease: The probability of serious damage or destruction of the Cupressus sempervirens woodlands by the fungi Corineum cardinale is one of the major threats on the site. Although the presence of the disease in natural populations of this tree species from the White Mountains is recorded, there is a complete absence of the absolutely essential and urgent knowledge regarding the state and stage of the disease's spread at the present.There are a few publications referring to or studying the ability of the area's ecosystems to rehabilitate after the cassation of destructive human activities or after abandonment of traditional farming on terraces. Accompanying this secondary succession process, is the invasion of (the pioneer species) Pinus in degraded areas and the temporal increase of its distribution. On the other hand, the consequences of this, on the population dynamics of the endemic plant species are have not been adequately studied yet.There is an absolute need of an efficient, strict and concrete management policy. |
| Προτεραιότητα προστασίας |
Πανίδα και Χλωρίδα
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| Αξιόλογα Φυτά |
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| Αξιόλογα Θηλαστικά |
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| Αξιόλογα Πτηνά |
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| Αξιόλογα Αμφίβια / Ερπετά |
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| Αξιόλογα Ψάρια |
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| Αξιόλογα Ασπόνδυλα |
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| Σχόλια για τα είδη |
