Στοιχεία Τόπου

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Κωδικοί τόπων
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Κτηματολόγιο Α.Ε.

Γενικά Στοιχεία

Όνομα OROS KALLIDROMO
Κατηγορία Τόπου Βιότοπος NATURA
Κωδικός Τόπου GR2440006
Κύριος Χαρακτήρας
Βιότοπος
Φυσικό Τοπίο
Δομημένο Τοπίο
Διοικητική Υποδιαίρεση Νομός Φθιώτιδας
Δήμος-Κοινότητα
Συνολική Έκταση (ha) 6684.85
Χερσαία Έκταση (ha) 6684.85
Συνολική Περίμετρος (km) 47.8
Μέγιστο Υψόμετρο (m) 1393.0
Ελάχιστο Υψόμετρο (m) 43.0
Ένταξη στο Υπάρχον Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο

Χαρακτηριστικά

Τύπος Τοπίου
Κλίμα
Γεωλογία
Περιγραφή Τόπου Mediterranean matorral, phrygana and tall maquis formations, develop mainly at the lower slopes of the mountain. The phrygana (habitat type 5420) are characterized by rockroses (Cistus sp.), thyme (Corydothymus capitatus), sage (Salvia fruticosa) and spurges. Holm oak (Quercus ilex) arborescent matorral and forest extend at several parts of the site, especially at N-facing slopes. Their understorey is characterissd by shrubs such as the sumach (Rhus cotinus), maples (Acer spp.), terebinth (Pistacia terebinthus) and by typical maquis shrubs, kermes oak (Quercus coccifera), lentisc (Pistacia lentiscus). The kermes oak (Quercus coccifera) dominates the maquis at drier stations. Quercus pubescens also forms pure stands at places. Other shrubs participating in the maquis are wild roses (Rosa sp.), strawberry trees (Arbutus unedo, Arbutus adrachne), hop hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifollia), spanish broom (Spartium junceum), honeysuckls (Lonicera sp.).A large part of the site is covered by conifer forest ecosystems. At the lower altitudes there are natural aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) forests (habitat type 9540). At the higher altitudes Pinus nigra (habitat type 9536) and Abies cephalonica (the endemic greek fir) form pure (at the most part) and also mixed forests. The black pine forests develop on dolomitic substrates. Notably, there is no intermingling with other black pine varieties since no reforestation has ever taken place in the area. Typical species in the fir forests are Helleborus cyclophyllus, Doronicum orientale, Cephalanthera rubra as well as Juniperus oxycedrus and the rather rare in Greece Ilex aquifolium. The oaks occasionally participate in the understorey while there occur various transitional zones with mixed conifer and oak forest stands. Juniperus oxycedrus also dominates in arborescent matorral (habitat type 5211) at the lower margins of the zone of the fir forest.Mountain grasslands, with a large variety of herbs and grasses as well as with abundant spiny shrubs such as Prunus spinosa and Crataegus monogyna, develop at forest openings, at altitudes circa 1000 m, on limestone and flysch. Plants participating in this vegetation are Filipendulla vulgaris, Geranium macrostylum, Papaver albiflorum, Anemone blanda and several orchids, crocuses and violets. These grasslands are: Semi-natural dry grasslands on calcareous substrates (Festuco Brometalia) (*important orchid sites). At bare rock at places such as Saroma, Kastraki, Psarou, Elafovouni, Vrachovouni there develops chasmophytic vegetation, typically with Campanula spp. (habitat type 8219), as well as scree vegetation (habitat type 8140).In ravines, at stream and torrent banks, an azonal vegetation develops with hydrophilous or shade-loving species, such as Ranunculus ficaria, Aristolochia pallida, A. rotunda, Juncus spp. and reeds. Oriental plane (Platanus orientalis) riverine woods (habitat type 92C0) exist at several sites such as Panagia, the ravines between Panagia-Mendenitsa and others. There are two natural temporary ponds in the site, a larger one at Souvala (4 ha at 1.000 m) and a smaller one at Nevropolis (2 ha at 1.100 m). There develops typical vernal pool vegetation (habitat type 3170) with species such as Myosurus minimus, Polygonum aviculare, Juncus bufonius, Ranunculus lateriflorus, Gnafalium uliginosum, Mentha cervina, Isoetes heldreichii.
Κατάσταση Τόπου
Εγκατάλειψη οικισμών
Τάση Κατάστασης Τόπου
Ιστορία και εξέλιξη του τόπου
Σημεία με καλή Θέα
Μονοπάτια Περίπατοι

Αξίες

Οικολογική Αξία
Κοινωνικοοικονομική/πολιτιστική Αξία
Αισθητική Αξία
Σχόλιο για τις αξίες A most important element of the natural environment of the site is the presence of large areas of well-conserved habitats with low disturbance level.The shrub and forest ecosystems create continuous habitats for animal and flora species. The importance of the site at landscape level is enhanced by the fact that it is connected with the ecosystem of Spercheios river though the tributaries of the river which spring on Kallidromon. The site is also connected to the ecosystems of the National Park of Mountain Oiti.The flora of Mt Kallidromo has not been studied in detail. It is a well founded expectation that several important (endemic, rare) species which grow on neighboring mountains will be found there in the future, particularly due to its rather undisturbed habitats. It is notable that there is one species endemic to Kallidromo, Onosma stridii. The site also hosts some rather rare plants such as the endemics Polygonum papillosum and Ophrys helenae.Other Important Species with Motivation DOrobanche rechingeri is protected by the National legislation (Presidential Decree 67/81). Erysimum asperulum is a species with distribution limited to few mountains of mainland Greece and possibly to Albania. Colchicum boisssieri is a subendemic with distribution in mainland Greece and Turkey. Myosurus minimus is a rare species with disjunct distribution. Aubrieta gracilis, Crocus veluchensis and Crocus sieberi ssp. sublimis are balkan endemics.The importance of the site as far as fauna is concerned, lies in the fact that a) a number of birds of prey breed in the area, b) the wolf seems to gradually return to the area, c) the site holds a significant number of amphibian species including the alpine newt. All the species (except the hedgehog and Saturnia pyri) that have been included in the Other Important Species list are protected by the Bern Convention. Twelve species are also protected by national legislation. Oros (Mountain) Kallidromo is almost untouched by grave human interference, especially big construction projects. Ιt also holds considerable conifer forests characterized by maturity and primeval texture. Mediterranean matorral, phrygana and tall maquis formations are very representative as well. Of great importance is the presence of very old Pinus nigra trees with their flattened tops of the canopy and long, broad branches, as well as Abies cephallonica and oak trees. The presence of water, especially in two natural temporary ponds as well as in springs, streams and torrents, creates interesting biotopes as well as landscapes of unrivalled quality and natural beauty. The landscape, especially in the area of the two natural ponds, is very rare in Greece. The area of the site has panoramic view towards Mounts Oiti and Othris, Sperchios wetland and estuary, Maliakos gulf and northern part of Evia island. Many archaeological sites and historic monuments are situated in and around the site (Thermopiles battle area, Mendenitsa medieval castle, Damasta monastery etc.).

Κίνδυνοι

Απειλές/διαταραχές
Σχόλιο για τις απειλές-διαταραχές
Τρωτότητα Illegal hunting and logging. Transformation of land to building plots.
Προτεραιότητα προστασίας

Πανίδα και Χλωρίδα

Χαρακτηριστικά Ενδιαιτήματα
Αξιόλογα Φυτά
Aubrieta gracilis
Bolanthus thymifolius
Centaurea affinis laconiae
Cephalanthera rubra
Colchicum boissieri
Crocus sieberi sublimis
Crocus veluchensis
Erysimum asperulum
Galium melanantherum
Myosurus minimus
Onosma stridii
Ophrys helenae
Orchis pallens
Orchis palustris
Orobanche rechingeri
Viola graeca
Αξιόλογα Θηλαστικά
Canis lupus (Λύκος)
Martes foina (Κουνάβι)
Meles meles (Ασβός)
Sciurus vulgaris ameliae (Σκίουρος Αμέλιος)
Sus scrofa (Αγριογούρουνο)
Αξιόλογα Πτηνά
Αξιόλογα Αμφίβια / Ερπετά
Anguis fragilis colchicus (Κονάκι)
Bombina variegata scabra (Κιτρινοβομβίνα)
Bufo viridis viridis (Πρασινόφρυνος)
Hyla arborea arborea (Δεντροβάτραχος)
Lacerta trilineata cariensis (Τρανόσαυρα της Ικαρίας)
Malpolon monspessulanus insignitus (Σαπίτης)
Natrix natrix persa (Ντρόφιδο το Περσικό)
Podarcis erhardii amorgensis (Σιλιβούτι της Αμοργού)
Rana dalmatina (Ευκίνητος Βάτραχος)
Rana graeca (Ελληνικός Βάτραχος)
Rana ridibunda ridibunda (Λιμνοβάτραχος Δ. Ελλάδας)
Testudo hermanni hermanni (Ονυχοχελώνα)
Testudo marginata (Κρασπεδωτή χελώνα)
Triturus alpestris alpestris(t.a. veluchiensis) (Αλπικός Τρίτωνας)
Vipera ammodytes meridionalis (Οχιά)
Αξιόλογα Ψάρια
Αξιόλογα Ασπόνδυλα
Σχόλια για τα είδη