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The remote area of the Tzoumerka mountains has a very rich and interesting flora, which comprises rare and characteristic species of the mountain and alpine vegetation zones. The species Solenanthus albanicus occurring in the area is mentioned in Annex II of the 92/43/EEC Directive and in the Bern Convention and is very rare in Greece possibly because it grows in intensely grazed areas. A significant number of endemic taxa are present in the area, listed in section 3.3 with motivation D, some of which are local endemics and others are considered threatened. Of them Corydalis parnassica, Seseli parnassicum are listed in the Greek Presidential Decree 67/1981 as protected species. Achillea absinthoides is also included in the WCMC Plants Database and in the UNEP as "Rare", Seseli parnassicum is also included in the WCMC PLants Database as "Rare" and Centaurea triamularia is listed in the European Red List of Globally Threatened Animals and Plants as "Rare". The plant taxa listed in section 3.3 with motivation D belong to the categories outlined below: a) The "Balkan Peninsula and Italy" element, represented by Hieracium naegelianum, b) The "Balkan Peninsula and Anatolia" element, represented by Thymus thracicus; c) Taxa with interesting distribution areas: Barbarea sicula, occurring in Greece, Italy and Sicily, also listed in the WCMC Plants Database as "Vulnerable" in Greece; Amelanchier cretica, occurring in Greece and Sicily; Peucedanum longifolium occurring in the Balkan peninsula and C. Romania; d) Balkan endemics: all the remaining taxa, constituting a large element in the area. Of them, Campanula hawkinsiana, Centaurea epirota and Hieracium waldsteinii, in Greece occur only on Pindhos mountain range. Aesculus hippocastanum, Campanula hawkinsiana and additionally receive motivation D since they are protected by the Greek Presidential Decree 67/1981. The last is also listed in the WCMC Plants Database as "Rare"; e) We must also mention five taxa which are rare and scattered in Greece: Ophioglossum vulgatum, Sedum atratum, Aster alpinus. One amphibian and one reptilian species recorded in this site are named in Annex II of the Directive 92/43/EEC (section 3.2). Some more vertebrates other than birds are known from this site as Other Important taxa (section 3.3). Two of these taxa, the wolf Canis lupus and the forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula wingei are threatened taxa in Greece mentioned in the Greek Red Data Book under the categories "Vulnerable" and "Rare", respectively. It should be reminded that Canis lupus is a prority species of Annex II of the Directive 92/43/EEC, but in the case of the Greek populations this status concerns only those living south of the 39o (degrees) parallel. This is the reason that this species is not listed in section 3.2. The wolf occurrence in the area is nearly continuous. Some taxa are mentioned in the Bern Convention lists (motivation C) and most of them (the exceptions being the viper Vipera ammodytes and the large mammals Canis lupus, Martes foina and Meles meles are also listed in the Appendices of the Greek Presidential Decree 67/1981 (motivation D). The only exception to this is the hare Lepus europaeus, which is marked with motivation D because it is rare all over Greece. Apart from being mentioned by the Presidential Decree, the lizard Podarcis erhardii, the snake Coluber gemonensis, the dormice Glis glis pindicus and Dryomys nitedula wingei, are allocated motivation D since they are all Balkan endemic taxa. The invertebrate species listed in section 3.3 with motivation D are protected by the Greek Presidential Decree 67/1981(Agabus bipustulatus). Parnassius mnemosyne is protected by the Bern Convention. Saturnia pyri is protected by the IUCN Red List and the European Red List of Globally Threatened Animals and Plants and it is included in the "Listing of biotopes in Europe according to their significance for invertebrates. |