Στοιχεία Τόπου

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Κτηματολόγιο Α.Ε.

Γενικά Στοιχεία

Όνομα LIMNI LIMNOPOULA
Κατηγορία Τόπου Βιότοπος NATURA
Κωδικός Τόπου GR2120003
Κύριος Χαρακτήρας
Βιότοπος
Φυσικό Τοπίο
Δομημένο Τοπίο
Διοικητική Υποδιαίρεση Νομός Θεσπρωτίας
Δήμος-Κοινότητα
Συνολική Έκταση (ha) 579.50
Χερσαία Έκταση (ha) 579.5
Συνολική Περίμετρος (km) 10.6
Μέγιστο Υψόμετρο (m) 600.0
Ελάχιστο Υψόμετρο (m) 217.0
Ένταξη στο Υπάρχον Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο

Χαρακτηριστικά

Τύπος Τοπίου
Κλίμα
Γεωλογία
Περιγραφή Τόπου Lake Limnopoula (Limni Limnopoula) or Limnoula, is temporary (winter) freshwater lake situated 0.7 km south-west of Krystallopigi and Kefalovryso villages near Paramythia town, Ipeiros, and covers an area of around 133 ha. In 1988, a drainage ditch was constructed in one part of the lake. Τhe lake is flooded with water in winter, reaching a maximum depth of 10 m. Furthermore, the lake is naturally drained by three swallow-holes located in the southern side of the lake. During the summer, wet meadows fed by springs develop and about half of the exposed lake-bed is cultivated and half grazed. An important part of the lake is covered with hydrophilous vegetation with Phragmites communis and Scirpus bolboschoenus. The initial hydrophilous communities have been intensely degraded because of grazing and they are now no longer pure. The rapid change of the ecosystem from lake to land has, as a consequence, the entrance of land plant species. Some characteristic hydrophilous species occur in the area such as: Alisma plantago-aquatica, Sparganium erectum, Typha latifolia, Cyperus longus, Butomus umbellatus (scattered or along a drainage channel), Polygonum hydropiper, Oenanthe fistulosa, Eleocharus palustrus, Salix cinerea, etc. At the southern side of the lake Vitex agnuscastus forms a peripheral zone of well-developed thickets. On the same side, near the swallow-holes, we can find dried Chara sp. The hills to the west and south of the lake are densely covered with characteristic species of the Quercion ilicis alliance and especially of the Androchno-Quercetum ilicis suballiance mixed with sclerophyllous vegetation. The most important are: Quercus ilex, Q. coccifera, Cotinus cogygria, Arbutus unedo, Arbutus andrachne, Erica arborea, Erica manipuliflora, Fraxinus excelsior, Fraxinus angustifolia, Ostrya carpinifolia, Phillyrea latifolia, Cornus mas, Colutea arborescens, Laurus nobilis, Clematis vitalba, Clematis flammula, etc. Juniperus oxycedrus forms stands in the limit of this suballiance.
Κατάσταση Τόπου
Εγκατάλειψη οικισμών
Τάση Κατάστασης Τόπου
Ιστορία και εξέλιξη του τόπου
Σημεία με καλή Θέα
Μονοπάτια Περίπατοι

Αξίες

Οικολογική Αξία
Κοινωνικοοικονομική/πολιτιστική Αξία
Αισθητική Αξία
Σχόλιο για τις αξίες The very important ecosystem of Limni Limnopoula constitutes a characteristic wetland, which provides water to the surrounding area and wet meadows for grazing during the summer. Its hydrophilous vegetation habitats for a remarkable fauna. The Andrachno-Quercetum ilicis association is in very good ecological condition. The zoological importance of this lake is focused on the occurrence of Greek endemic fish taxa and dense populations of amphibians and terrapins. A remarkable avifauna is also present at this site including rare elements. More specifically, one fish, two terrapins and two tortoises recorded in the area are species of Annex II of the Directive 92/43/EEC (see section 3.2). According to Economidis (pers. comm.) the valid Greek taxon Phoxinellus stymphalicus thesproticus is accurately represented by the Directive taxon Phoxinellus spp. The other Directive species of the site are listed in both the Bern Convention and the Greek Presidential Decree 67/1981. Some taxa of amphibians, reptiles and mammals are evaluated as Other Important Species (section 3.3). All these taxa are protected by the Bern Convention, thus justifyng motivation C. All taxa have been included in the above Presidential Decree, therefore receiving motivation D. In addition to that, some of these taxa receive D for having been evaluated by the CORINE-Biotopes Project; these are the toad Bufo viridis, the frogs Hyla arborea and Rana dalmatina and the colubrid snake Natrix tessellata. Finally, some Balkan endemics deserve motivation D, these being the frog Rana epeirotica, the lacertid lizards Algyroides nigropunctatus and Podarcis taurica ionica.Due to the occurrence of rare and threatened bird species in the area and its role as a considerable wetland for migratory taxa, this site is included in the EC Important Bird Areas. Some of the most notable birds recorded are: the Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus, "Vulnerable"); the Short-Toed Eagle (Circaetus gallicus); the Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus, "Vulnerable"); the Booted Eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus, "Vulnerable"); the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina, "Vulnerable"); the Garganey (Anas querquedula, "Insufficiently Known"). Aquila pomarina is very rare all over the EEC (only occurring in Greece and northern Germany). A remarkable colony of storks (Ciconia ciconia) has also been recorded. The invertebrate species listed in section 3.3 with motivation C are protected by the Bern Convention.

Κίνδυνοι

Απειλές/διαταραχές
Σχόλιο για τις απειλές-διαταραχές
Τρωτότητα The most serious threat to the wetland is the restriction of the wet meadows for the purpose of expansion of arable farming. This restriction destroys the characteristic flora of the area as well as important habitats for the fauna. Illegal hunting is a very severe problem too. Moreover, the lake is polluted by the infiltration of excess pesticides and fertilizers from nearby cultivated land. Incidents of fire which took place in the surrounding hills threaten the whole ecosystem. The alteration of the natural character of the meadows encircling the lake and the extraction of water for irrigation purposes, seriously threaten this ecosystem. Hunting and shooting present a real problem for the avifauna.
Προτεραιότητα προστασίας

Πανίδα και Χλωρίδα

Χαρακτηριστικά Ενδιαιτήματα
Αξιόλογα Φυτά
Αξιόλογα Θηλαστικά
Martes foina (Κουνάβι)
Mustela nivalis galinthias (Νυφίτσα)
Mustela putorius (Βρωμοκούναβο)
Αξιόλογα Πτηνά
Αξιόλογα Αμφίβια / Ερπετά
Algyroides nigropunctatus (Κερκυραϊκή σαύρα)
Bufo bufo bufo (Χωματόφρυνος)
Bufo viridis viridis (Πρασινόφρυνος)
Emys orbicularis (Βαλτοχελώνα)
Hyla arborea arborea (Δεντροβάτραχος)
Lacerta trilineata cariensis (Τρανόσαυρα της Ικαρίας)
Malpolon monspessulanus insignitus (Σαπίτης)
Mauremys caspica rivulata (Ποταμοχελώνα)
Natrix tessellata tessellata (Κυβόφιδο)
Rana dalmatina (Ευκίνητος Βάτραχος)
Testudo hermanni hermanni (Ονυχοχελώνα)
Testudo marginata (Κρασπεδωτή χελώνα)
Αξιόλογα Ψάρια
Αξιόλογα Ασπόνδυλα
Papilio alexanor (Παπίλιο ο Αλεξάνωρ)
Σχόλια για τα είδη