NatureBank - Βιότοπος NATURA - VOREIODYTIKI KYTHNOS: OROS ATHERAS

Στοιχεία Τόπου

Επίπεδα τόπων:

Χαρτογραφικό υπόβαθρο:

Γενικά Στοιχεία

Όνομα

VOREIODYTIKI KYTHNOS: OROS ATHERAS - AKROTIRIO KEFALOS KAI PARAKTIA ZONI

Κατηγορία Τόπου

Βιότοπος NATURA

Κωδικός Τόπου

GR4220010

Κύριος Χαρακτήρας

Βιότοπος
Φυσικό Τοπίο
Δομημένο Τοπίο

Διοικητική Υποδιαίρεση

Νομός Κυκλάδων

Δήμος-Κοινότητα

Συνολική Έκταση (ha)

2855.19

Χερσαία Έκταση (ha)

2157.46

Συνολική Περίμετρος (km)

27.5

Μέγιστο Υψόμετρο (m)

320.0

Ελάχιστο Υψόμετρο (m)

Ένταξη στο Υπάρχον Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο

Χαρακτηριστικά

Τύπος Τοπίου

Κλίμα

Γεωλογία

Περιγραφή Τόπου

The site is a part of the geological formation of the north Cyclades. This unit belongs to the Attikocycladic zone. The site being mostly mica schist with little parts of marble (Uper Triassic - Lower Jurasic). The annual average rainfall is one of the highest of the Cyclades islands. The average annual rainfall is about 600mm and the average annual temperature is 19 C. The site starts from the sea level and reaches up to 355m (Mnt. Kakovoulo). The axis of the site has a direction NE-SW with a maximum length about 9.5 Km and a maximum width 3Km. The relief of the site is sharp, with small valleys amoung the boulders. The coast line is rugged, with numerous small bays. Its length is about 22Km. In these bays there are small sea caves (8330). These sea caves are used as refugia by the monk seals Monachus monachus. The coasts at the north and west are very steep. In the south, there are two shallow inlets with a special geomorphological formation called “tombolo”. The tombolo is joined with the mainland by the islet of Agios Loukas. This tombolo is one of the few (only about twenty) in Greece. In these two inlets there are sand beaches. At the inlet of Apokrisis is the estuary of the river Vathyrema. At the parts where the subsrtate consists of marbles, there are few very small caves (8310). The main part of this site constitutes a complex hydrographic net. Its length is about 32Km. There are streams, springs and in some cases we can find small waterfalls. Along these rivers, stones and gravel are deposited on the river beds. The river banks are vegetated mainly by Nerium oleander and Rubus ulmifolius. The springs are formed in the junction of strata. At some places, where slopes are steep, small waterfalls are formed. At the altitude of 200m there is a large plateau. It is covered by aegean phrygana, maquis, and abandoned cultivations. A part of the site consists of cliffs and bare rocks. Throughout the site we can find traditional stone hedges. These hedges are used as refuges for many species like snakes, lizards, molluscs, etc. There are also scattered habitations and little churches.

Κατάσταση Τόπου

Εγκατάλειψη οικισμών

Τάση Κατάστασης Τόπου

Ιστορία και εξέλιξη του τόπου

Σημεία με καλή Θέα

Μονοπάτια Περίπατοι

Αξίες

Οικολογική Αξία

Κοινωνικοοικονομική/πολιτιστική Αξία

Αισθητική Αξία

Σχόλιο για τις αξίες

The main features of the site are the large variety of habitat types (marine, freshwater, maquis, caves), the rare and endemic plants and the endemic invertebrates, all related to the site’s exceptional geomorphology. Several different habitat types of Annex I are represented in the site, an exceptional number of habitats for an area of such a small size (2100ha). The large number of habitat types and the numerous microhabitats that exist in the site, create a patchy environment. The sea and land caves (codes 8330 and 8310) a small percentage of the site but are nevetheless important. The former are used as refugia by the monk seals Monachus monachus. The latter host a specialized and fragile fauna of troglobionts such as the endemic isopod Cordioniscus kithnosi is a very rare species and the island is its locus typicus. The fauna also contains the rare and endemic species Deroceras keaensis. The rare geomorphological formation tombolo also has an interesting fauna that lives in the sand and needs more research. The flora includes endemic plants: Fritillaria tuntasia, Muscari pulchellum ssp. clepsidroides and Sillene cynthia. Especially, for the plant Sillene cynthia the island is its locus typicus. Delphinium hirschfeldianum is a species found only in Aigina and Kythnos. It is included in the IUCN Red Data List (1993) in the category of threatened plants and in the European Red List of Globally threatened plants characterized as "indeterminate" and is protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81).European Red List of Globally threatened plantsOTHER IMPORTANT SPECIES WITH MOTIVATION DDelphinium hirschfeldianum is protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/1981) and included in the IUCN red data list in the category of threatened species characterized as "indeterminate".Onopordum sibthorpianum is an East Mediterranean endemic (Aegean region and Turkey).The endemic Centaurea laconica ssp. lineariloba was util recently scnsidered a subspecies of C. spruneri and as such considered "rare" by IUCN (1993).

Κίνδυνοι

Απειλές/διαταραχές

Σχόλιο για τις απειλές-διαταραχές

Τρωτότητα

The site has a lot of small and fragile habitat types such as springs, small waterfalls, small caves, cliff communities, Posidonia beds. These habitat types are in danger due to human activities. The more vulnerable part in the site is in the south. In this part there are sandy beaches and springs, so there is a rapid tourist development. 140 - Grazing by goats is a threat to the rare and endemic flora species in almost the whole area of the site. Such species that are in danger are Fritillaria tuntasia, Silene cynthia. 211 - It is possible for the Posidonia beds that exist to be degraded by net fishing. 520 - Navigation near the coasts disturbs the monk seals. 530 - The construction of roads extend the pressure upon the site. 690 - If the tourist development is not controlled, it will have as effect the degradation especially of the fragile ecosystems. 851, 871 - The two shallow inlets that there are in the south, are well protected from the north winds. These inlets are used for mooring by the yachts, especially in summer. The construction of marine works such as docks and piers will modify the local sea streams. The effect of such influences is the destruction of the fragile geomorphological formation tombolo. The wastes of the yachts pollute the two shallow inlets possibly leading to the degradation of the biocommunities on the sea floor.

Προτεραιότητα προστασίας

Πανίδα και Χλωρίδα

Χαρακτηριστικά Ενδιαιτήματα

Αξιόλογα Φυτά

	Campanula laciniata
	Fritillaria tuntasia
	Muscari pulchellum clepsydroides
	Silene cythnia

Αξιόλογα Θηλαστικά

	Delphinus delphis (Δελφίνι)
	Martes foina (Κουνάβι)
	Monachus monachus (Μεσογειακή φώκια)

Αξιόλογα Πτηνά

Αξιόλογα Αμφίβια / Ερπετά

	Bufo viridis viridis (Πρασινόφρυνος)
	Coluber caspius (Ζαμενής (Αστραπόφιδο))
	Coluber najadum dahlii (Σαΐτα του Νταλ)
	Cyrtodactylus kotschyi adelphiensis (Κυρτοδάκτυλος των νησιών Αδέλφια)
	Elaphe situla (Σπιτόφιδο)
	Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus (Σαμιαμίδι)
	Mauremys caspica rivulata (Ποταμοχελώνα)
	Podarcis erhardii amorgensis (Σιλιβούτι της Αμοργού)

Αξιόλογα Ψάρια

Αξιόλογα Ασπόνδυλα

Σχόλια για τα είδη