Στοιχεία Τόπου
Επίπεδα τόπων:
Χαρτογραφικό υπόβαθρο:
Γενικά Στοιχεία
| Όνομα | ESOTERIKO ARCHIPELAGOS IONIOU (MEGANISI, ARKOUDI, ATOKOS, VROMONAS) | ||||||
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| Κατηγορία Τόπου | Βιότοπος NATURA | ||||||
| Κωδικός Τόπου | GR2220003 | ||||||
| Κύριος Χαρακτήρας |
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| Διοικητική Υποδιαίρεση | Νομός Κεφαλληνίας | ||||||
| Δήμος-Κοινότητα | |||||||
| Συνολική Έκταση (ha) | 88333.27 | ||||||
| Χερσαία Έκταση (ha) | 1713.22 | ||||||
| Συνολική Περίμετρος (km) | 313.6 | ||||||
| Μέγιστο Υψόμετρο (m) | 281.0 | ||||||
| Ελάχιστο Υψόμετρο (m) | |||||||
| Ένταξη στο Υπάρχον Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο |
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Χαρακτηριστικά
Αξίες
| Οικολογική Αξία |
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| Κοινωνικοοικονομική/πολιτιστική Αξία |
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| Αισθητική Αξία |
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| Σχόλιο για τις αξίες | The faunistic importance of this site is evident. The marine environment of the site offers refuge to many important top predator species indicating the biological richness of the area. Common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) and various shark species are resident or common elements of the local marine fauna. The coasts of this site contain a lot of submerged or partly submerged sea caves, the ideal habitat for monk seals. That is the reason why they constitute one of the most important spots of the national territory (and the Mediterranean in general) for the most threatened with extinction mammal in Europe (Monachus monachus). Two other extrimely important marine species, the coastal small cetaceans Tunsiops truncatus and Delphinus delphis are sympatric in the site's sea area. Both of them are species that need strict protaction according to the 92/43/EEC Directive and are also included in the Bern, Bonn and CITES conventions, in the CORINE-Biotopes Project, in the Greek Red Data Book (Only Delphinus delphis) and are also protected by the Greek legislation (Presidential Decree 67/1981). Especially Delphinus delphis is present in the site with one of its last 3-4 spot populations in the whole Mediterranean. Many isolated and resident individuals of the species still survive in the area, representing probably the remains of a practically extincted (formerly big) Adriatic-Ionian "population". (Politi et al., 1994; Politi & Frantzis in prep.). Another important natural habitat type that constitutes a common component of the coastal marine environment of the site, are the Posidonia sea beds. Their conservation status in the area is still excellent and furthermore a Directive 92/43/EEC Annex IV invertebrate species (Pinna nobilis) is common within their limits. Little clusters with Juniperus phoenicea in good ecological condition participate in the composition of the vegetation. Furthermore, the brushwooding formations, the small area' s clusters with Pinus halepensis and the olive groves complete the landscape of the site. The gecko lizard Cyrtodactylus kotschyi is mentioned by the CORINE- Biotopes Project and the lacertid lizard Algyroides nigropunctatus is endemic to the western Balkans taking the D motivation for these additional reasons. |
Κίνδυνοι
| Απειλές/διαταραχές |
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| Σχόλιο για τις απειλές-διαταραχές | |
| Τρωτότητα | The sea area of the site is generally in a good conservation state. That’s why an important number of susceptible top predators are still present in the area. Of course that doesn’t mean that the marine environment and its natural habitats are not vulnerable. One of the major threats in the area are the illegal fishing activities. We code them principally as (290) “fishing activities not referred above. They concern various illegal fishing methods. All this uncontrolled overfishing, practiced by fishermen as well as by tourists, decreases and threatens with destruction the biological potential of the marine environment. Nevertheless, the general intensity of all these activities seems relatively low in comparison with the rest of the national territory. Another important threat is coming from an unmanaged increasing tourism. Leisure activities (mainly yachting and use of inflatable boats) are negative for the environment principally due to a lack of facilities (garbages and toilet contents thrown in the sea, anchoring often done on Posidonia beds) and a lack of a code of conduct to follow (disturbance of dolphins, entrance in monk seal caves). Finally, the impact of the shipping activities around the site (there is a heavy traffic between Italy and Patra through the Lefkada-Kefalonia channel) cannot be easily evaluated. However, if special measures are not taken, pollution will continue to constitute a high risk for the area. Summarizing, the site and mainly its marine environment is one of the most conserved in the whole national territory. It is helpful that only few special protected measures, good management of the tourism (that could even drive it to a positive direction like the ecotourism) and a real control of fishing activities, can guarantee an ecologically balanced environment. Quite easily the natural habitats of the site and their rich and endangered local fauna and flora can be protected. |
| Προτεραιότητα προστασίας |
Πανίδα και Χλωρίδα
| Χαρακτηριστικά Ενδιαιτήματα |
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| Αξιόλογα Φυτά |
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| Αξιόλογα Θηλαστικά |
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| Αξιόλογα Πτηνά |
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| Αξιόλογα Αμφίβια / Ερπετά |
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| Αξιόλογα Ψάρια |
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| Αξιόλογα Ασπόνδυλα |
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| Σχόλια για τα είδη |
