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The site's character is typical of the mountainous zone of Greece with representative habitats and species of the subalpine and alpine zone. A main element of its quality and importance is the plentitude of balkan endemic, greek endemic and local endemic plants (for example, species endemic to the range of Pindus, such as Asperula oetea, Viola chelmea and Achillea pindicola ssp. pindicola). This high degree of endemism derives from the geomorphology of the site and from the relative isolation and height (often above the tree-line), which lead to an interesting and often unique mountain flora. The alpine and subalpine zone biotopes of the site constitute the habitats of rare species and their protection is necessary for the conservation of the valuable mountain flora. Remarkable components of the mountainous landscape are the plateaus and the dry calcareous rocks and screes; the latter are typical habitats of endemic chasmophytes. It must be mentioned, as well, that snow covers the summits until April or early May, and snow patches remain often until July. The formations of Abies borisii-regis are at a very good conservation status.Moreover the presence of mammals, which are in need of protection like wolves and bears or the birds of prey gives to the particular site of Agrafa an additional worth for the protection of wild fauna on the greek mountains.OTHER IMPORTANT SPECIES WITH MOTIVATION DPlants: The endemic species Asperula oetea and Scorzonera rhodantha have a very limited natural distribution at world level. They are included in the IUCN Red Data List (1993), characterised as rare and protected by the Greek law (Presidential Decree 67/1981). In addition, Rosa arvensis is included in IUCN Red Data List (1993) as an endangered species, at the World level. Balkan endemicThe endemic species Thymus dolopicus, Sesleria vaginalis, Veronica thymifolia, Isoetes heldreichi and Helianthemum hymettium are protected by the Greek law (Presidential Decree 67/1981). In addition the local endemic species Isoetes heldreichi is included in European Red List of Globally Threatened Animals and Plants as an indeterminate species. Scutellaria rupestris ssp. adenotricha is a species almost confined to Greece (just extending to S Albania).Acantholimon echinus ssp. lycaonicum is a species with distribution in Greece Albania and Turkey. Linum punctatum ssp. pycnophyllum occurs in two disjunct areas, SE Turkey and Greece.The folowing species are included in the IUCN Red Data List (1993) in the category of threatened plants: Allium phthioticum (rare), Linum aroanium (rare), Sideritis perfoliata ssp. perfoliata (rare). These species are also protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81). Geranium humbertii, Scabiosa taygetea ssp. taygetea are protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81).Viola eximia, Festuca koritnicensis are included in the IUCN Red Data List (1993) in the category of threatened plants characterized as rare.Note: The IUCN characterizations given concern the plant’s status in Greece.Anthyllis vulneraria ssp. bulgarica, Dianthus integer ssp. minutiflorus, Erysimum cephalonicum (E. pusillum ssp. cephalonicum, Poa thessala, Silene radicosa ssp. radicosa, Alchemilla heterotricha, Anthemis arvensis ssp. cyllenea, Arenaria conferta ssp. serpentini, Astragalus creticus ssp. rumelicus, Campanula spatulata ssp. spatulata, Cerastium decalvans, Geocaryum pindicolum, Helleborus cyclophyllus, Sideritis raeseri ssp. raeseri, Silene caesia, Viola aetolica, Hieracium parnassi, Lilium albanicum, Dianthus viscidus, Erysimum pusillum ssp. microstylum, Carum graecum ssp. graecum, Sesleria tenerrima, Nepeta spruneri, Ornithogalum oligophyllum are balkan endemics.Valantia aprica and Viola tricolor ssp. macedonica are balkan endemic (Greece, Albania)Amphibians: Hyla arborea is included in Annex IV of the Directive 92/43/EEC and CORINE-Checklist and it is strictly protected by II Bern Convention. Rana graeca is also included in the above Annex. Salamandra salamandra and Triturus alpestris ssp. veluchiensis are included in Annex III of the Bern convention. All these amphibians are protected by the Greek law (Presidential Decree 67/1981).Mammals: Sciurus vulgaris is included in Annex III of Bern Convention; Nyctalus lasiopterus is included in Annex IV of the Directive 92/43/EEC and in the CORINE-Checklist of threatened species, while it is characterised as an endangered and strictly protected species (Annex II of the Bern Convention). Both of them are protected by the Greek law (Presidential Decree 67/1981).Reptiles: Podarcis muralis is included in Annex IV of the Directive 92/43/EEC; it is strictly protected (Annex II of the Bern Convention) and is also protected by the Greek law (Presidential Decree 67/1981). Vipera ammodytes is listed in Annex IV of the EEC Directive 92/43 and is strictly protected by the Bern Convention (Annex II).Invertebrates: The species Pyrgus alveus is a threatened and rare species in Europe (Heath J, 1981 and J.S. Dabrowski). The species Parnassius apollo is: strictly protected (Annex II of the Bern Convention), characterized as an important (Koomen P. and P.J. van Helsdingen), rare (IUCN, 1988) and threatened (CORINE-Checklist, Heath J., 1981 and J.S. Dabrowski) species in Europe and included in CITES. Both Parnassius apollo and Anthocharis gruneri are protected by the Greek law (Presidential Decree 67/1981). Spialia phlomidis is an important species (R. F. Bretherton, 1970). |
