Στοιχεία Τόπου

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Κτηματολόγιο Α.Ε.

Γενικά Στοιχεία

Όνομα ELOS - TOPOLIA - SASALOS - AGIOS DIKAIOS
Κατηγορία Τόπου Βιότοπος NATURA
Κωδικός Τόπου GR4340004
Κύριος Χαρακτήρας
Βιότοπος
Φυσικό Τοπίο
Δομημένο Τοπίο
Διοικητική Υποδιαίρεση Νομός Χανίων
Δήμος-Κοινότητα
Συνολική Έκταση (ha) 7351.95
Χερσαία Έκταση (ha) 7351.95
Συνολική Περίμετρος (km) 46.9
Μέγιστο Υψόμετρο (m) 1176.0
Ελάχιστο Υψόμετρο (m) 89.0
Ένταξη στο Υπάρχον Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο

Χαρακτηριστικά

Τύπος Τοπίου
Κλίμα
Γεωλογία
Περιγραφή Τόπου The site (West Crete), is a mountainous area, begining at Topolia on the north, and ending just below the top of Dikaios mount (1008 m) on the south and it is delimited by Koutroulis mount (1071 m) and by the peak of Psilo Kefali mount (901 m) on the western side, while Sassalos & Milonou settlements are the east side borders. This area includes Topolia gorge, with Tiflos river, originating at Dikaios mt. and streamig down through the gorge); the north side and the summit of Dikaios mount, the east side and the summit of Koutroulis mount and the lower mountains of Psilo Kefali, Oxo Koproula (695 m), Vitsilangos (683 m) and Sellakia (573 m). The well known cave of Agia Sofia is also in the area.The mountainous vegetation is mainly phryganic, dominated by the shrubby perennials Sarcopoterium spinosum, Coridothymus capitatus, Calicotome villosa and Cistus creticus. There are also shrub and tree formations of Pistacia lentiscus and Ceratonia siliqua. Chestnut groves (Castanea sativa), one of the rare chestnut formations in Crete, are situated between Elos and Pervolia settlements. Maquis formations with Arbutus unedo and Erica manipuliflora are commom on non-limestone substrate.Olea europea groves occupy a considerable part of the site.
Κατάσταση Τόπου
Εγκατάλειψη οικισμών
Τάση Κατάστασης Τόπου
Ιστορία και εξέλιξη του τόπου
Σημεία με καλή Θέα
Μονοπάτια Περίπατοι

Αξίες

Οικολογική Αξία
Κοινωνικοοικονομική/πολιτιστική Αξία
Αισθητική Αξία
Σχόλιο για τις αξίες The site includes important bird areas such as Koutroulis mount, areas with endemic plant species (Dikaios mount and gorge), important caves (Agia Sofia) with stenoendemic invertebrates (the spider Pholcus creticus is found only in this cave), as well as gorges, running waters and rare plant formations, such as the chestnut groves and the Arbutus unedo maquis.Birds of prey and vultures as Aquila chrysaetos, Gyps fylvus and Gypaetus barbatus breed on Koutroulis mount, while Falco peregrinus, Pernis apivorus and Falco eleonorae live in or pass through the site. The endemic species Centaurea argentea and Centaurea redempta, a rare pant (IUCN 1993) are both protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81) are found on Dikaios mount and at Topolia area. Lathyrus neurolobus, Carex cretica and Campanula cretica (included in section 3.3. by its synonym Symphyandra cretica) are rare endemic species (IUCN, 1993), also protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81), and occur on Elos area. Many greek or cretan endemic plants (listed on 3.3.) are also found on mountain Dikaios and at Topolia gorge (chasmophytic flora). Brassica cretica ssp. cretica is a chasmophyte found only in C. & S. Lebanon out of Greece.The site is also rich in cretan endemic snails (listed on section 3.3), many of them occurring only in westen Crete.Reptile species (listed on section 3.3.) protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81) and by the Bern convention (Annex II & III), as well as bats and the shrew Suncus etruscus, also legally protected and (Greek Law and Bern Convention) and listed on the Red Data Book of Greece, are constant residents, populating many of the smaller caves at Topolia. Finally, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum ssp. creticum, included in section 3.2.c. as Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum, is a subspecies endemic to Crete.The Elos and Pervolia areas are also ecologically important for the rare in southern Greece formations of sweet chestnut groves and woods (Castanea sativa). Arbutus unedo maquis, also rare in southern Greece and Crete, occur in the site.

Κίνδυνοι

Απειλές/διαταραχές
Σχόλιο για τις απειλές-διαταραχές
Τρωτότητα Uncontrolled human activities such as overgrazing and using the mountain slopes as pasture land and legal or illegal intensive hunting, as well as fires are common threats for many areas in the site. The olive tree cultivations present an indirect source of water pollution through the seasonal waste of the oil mills.
Προτεραιότητα προστασίας

Πανίδα και Χλωρίδα

Χαρακτηριστικά Ενδιαιτήματα
Αξιόλογα Φυτά
Anthemis chia (Ανθεμίδα της Χίου)
Barlia robertiana
Centaurea argentea
Centaurea raphanina raphanina
Cyclamen creticum
Filago aegaea aristata
Lathyrus neurolobus
Limodorum abortivum abortivum
Listera ovata
Ophrys candica
Orchis italica
Orchis laxiflora laxiflora
Orchis pauciflora
Petromarula pinnata
Polygala venulosa
Scutellaria sieberi
Stachys arvensis
Tulipa cretica
Verbascum arcturus
Αξιόλογα Θηλαστικά
Eptesicus serotinus (Τρανονυχτερίδα)
Myotis capaccinii (Ποδαρομυωτίδα)
Myotis emarginatus (Πυρρομυωτίδα)
Pipistrellus kuhli kuhli (Λευκονυχτερίδα)
Plecotus austriacus (Μεσογειακή ωτονυχτερίδα)
Rhinolophus hipposideros (Μικρορινόλοφος)
Suncus etruscus (Ετρουσκομυγαλή)
Tadarida teniotis (Νυχτονόμος)
Αξιόλογα Πτηνά
Αξιόλογα Αμφίβια / Ερπετά
Podarcis erhardii amorgensis (Σιλιβούτι της Αμοργού)
Αξιόλογα Ψάρια
Αξιόλογα Ασπόνδυλα
Σχόλια για τα είδη