Στοιχεία Τόπου

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Κωδικοί τόπων
Οικισμοί

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Κτηματολόγιο Α.Ε.

Γενικά Στοιχεία

Όνομα CHERSONISOS ATHOS
Κατηγορία Τόπου Βιότοπος NATURA
Κωδικός Τόπου GR1270003
Κύριος Χαρακτήρας
Βιότοπος
Φυσικό Τοπίο
Δομημένο Τοπίο
Διοικητική Υποδιαίρεση Νομός Χαλκιδικής
Δήμος-Κοινότητα
Συνολική Έκταση (ha) 33567.81
Χερσαία Έκταση (ha) 33567.805
Συνολική Περίμετρος (km) 143.0
Μέγιστο Υψόμετρο (m) 1920.0
Ελάχιστο Υψόμετρο (m)
Ένταξη στο Υπάρχον Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο

Χαρακτηριστικά

Τύπος Τοπίου
Κλίμα
Γεωλογία
Περιγραφή Τόπου Athos peninsula is located on the south-east part of Chalkidiki. It is an area self –governed by the Holy Community and access has been under control since the 9th century AD, because of the monasteries. The peninsula is a large area of forest, mostly broadleaved (mainly Castanea sativa, Quercus sp., Fagus sp.), but some coniferous forests also exist (Pinus halepensis, P. nigra and Abies pseudocilicica), along with mixed forests, maquis and alluvial forests along streams. The top of the mountain is with many bare and rocky ridges and peaks. The quality of chestnut wood has made it a favourite species to the monastic community for over a thousand years. Maquis extends its dominance over a wide area on the northern part of the peninsula providing habitat for species. It includes at least a dozen of evergreen sclerophyllous shrubs with varying degrees of dominance and importance, which may occur in many combinations but which invariably form low, dense thickets. The most important and prevailing species are Erica manipuliflora and Quercus coccifera.
Κατάσταση Τόπου
Εγκατάλειψη οικισμών
Τάση Κατάστασης Τόπου
Ιστορία και εξέλιξη του τόπου
Σημεία με καλή Θέα
Μονοπάτια Περίπατοι

Αξίες

Οικολογική Αξία
Κοινωνικοοικονομική/πολιτιστική Αξία
Αισθητική Αξία
Σχόλιο για τις αξίες Athos peninsula contains well preserved forests, home to one the most ancient monastic communities of the world, which carefully manages the forest by implementing all rules of sustainable forestry and management of natural resources. Concerning the wild growing plants the quality of the site is indicated by the occurrence of several important taxa. Among them, 22 taxa are greek endemics (between them 14 are local endemics), 5 taxa are protected by the EC Environment Legislation (1992), 5 taxa (Corydalis integra, Osmunda regalis, Oxytropis purpurea, Valeriana alliariifolia, Viola delphinantha) are included in the WCMC and/or European Red Data list, 10 taxa (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Atropa bella - donna, Cephalanthera damasonium, Convallaria majalis, Dianthus petraeus ssp. orbelicus, Neottia nidus-avis, Platanthera bifolia, Platanthera chlorantha, Poa thessala, Sorbus chamaemespilus) are protected by the Greek Presidential Decree (67/1981), 3 taxa (Heracleum humile, Saxifraga juniperifolia ssp. sancta, Ophioglossum vulgatum) are rare in Greece and/or reach their extreme distribution limits in Northern Greece, 6 taxa are Balkan endemics (Allium chamaespathum, Arabis bryoides, Asperula aristata ssp. nestia, Colchicum doerfleri, Erysimum drenowskii, Stachys leucoglossa) and 1 taxon (Thymus thracicus) finds its main distribution area in the Balkan Peninsula extending also to Turkey.

Κίνδυνοι

Απειλές/διαταραχές
Σχόλιο για τις απειλές-διαταραχές
Τρωτότητα Athos peninsula faces limited threats, all of which come from natural origin. These are insect blooms, fungi invasions like Chestnut blind and forest fires. After almost 20 years of its first appearance, Chestnut blind caused by fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (syn. Endothia parasitica) has almost been defeated by the introduced hypovirulent strain of the fungus. The long summers and the continuous forest cover from sclerophyllous vegetation to mesophytic forests make forest fires a severe threat to the forests, especially mesophytic ones which are not so adapted to fire. Sclerophyllous vegetation is well adapted to small scale fires and recovers within a few years, However, frequent wildfires may cause degradation of sclerophyllous vegetation and its replacement by phrygana.
Προτεραιότητα προστασίας

Πανίδα και Χλωρίδα

Χαρακτηριστικά Ενδιαιτήματα
Αξιόλογα Φυτά
Abies cephalonica (Κεφαλλονίτικο έλατο)
Aethionema orbiculatum
Allium chamaespathum
Anthemis sibthorpii
Arabis bryoides
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Αρκτοστάφυλος)
Asperula aristata nestia
Asperula aristata thessala
Astragalus thracicus cylleneus
Atropa bella-donna
Aubrieta erubescens
Beta nana
Campanula lavrensis
Centaurea pannosa
Centaurea peucedanifolia
Cephalanthera damasonium
Cephalanthera longifolia
Colchicum doerfleri
Convallaria majalis
Corydalis integra
Cyclamen persicum
Dianthus petraeus orbelicus
Digitalis leucophaea
Erysimum drenowskii
Fritillaria euboeica
Fritillaria graeca
Helichrysum sibthorpii
Heracleum humile (Ηράκλειο το χαμηλό)
Hypericum athoum
Isatis tinctoria athoa
Limodorum abortivum abortivum
Linum leucanthum
Linum olympicum athoum
Neotinea maculata
Neottia nidus-avis
Ophioglossum vulgatum
Osmunda regalis
Oxytropis purpurea
Platanthera bifolia
Platanthera chlorantha
Poa thessala
Polygonum icaricum
Saxifraga juniperifolia sancta
Silene echinosperma
Silene multicaulis genistifolia
Silene orphanidis
Sorbus chamaemespilus (Χαμαιμέσπιλος)
Stachys leucoglossa
Thymus thracicus
Valeriana alliariifolia
Viola athois
Viola delphinantha
Αξιόλογα Θηλαστικά
Canis aureus moreoticus (Τσακάλι)
Capreolus capreolus (Ζαρκάδι)
Felis silvestris morea (Αγριόγατος του Μωριά)
Monachus monachus (Μεσογειακή φώκια)
Mustela nivalis galinthias (Νυφίτσα)
Sus scrofa (Αγριογούρουνο)
Αξιόλογα Πτηνά
Αξιόλογα Αμφίβια / Ερπετά
Bombina variegata scabra (Κιτρινοβομβίνα)
Lacerta viridis meridionalis (Πρασινόσαυρα η …)
Podarcis muralis albanica (Αλβανική γουστέρα)
Testudo graeca ibera (Γραικοχελώνα)
Testudo hermanni hermanni (Ονυχοχελώνα)
Triturus alpestris alpestris(t.a. veluchiensis) (Αλπικός Τρίτωνας)
Αξιόλογα Ψάρια
Αξιόλογα Ασπόνδυλα
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