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The alpine rock faces of Pinovo are very important for the chamois (a small population, the only one in the mountain range of Tzena, Pinovo and Voras) and raptors such as the golden eagle, vultures and peregrine falcons. In the lowlands there are well structured high forests of oak which form importantfeeding and nesting places for several species of woodpeckers. Inaccessible beech forests just below the treeline are also important for wildlife. The area has been, generally, well conserved because it is situated near the border and due to military importance most activities were until recently sustained. Concerning the fauna the quality of the site is indicated by the occurence of the invertebrate Colias balcanica which is refered to Heath J. 1981. threatened Rhopalocera (butterflies) of Europe. Council of Europe.Concerning the wild growning plants the quality of the site is indicated by the occurrence of other important taxa. Among them, one taxon is greek endemic, 5 taxa (Alyssum doerfleri, Centaurea grbavacensis, Festuca koritnicensis, Minuartia setacea ssp. stojanovii, Onosma heterophyllum) are included in the WCMC and/or European Red Data list, 10 taxa (Androsace villosa, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Aster alpinus, Gentiana asclepiadea, Gentiana verna ssp. balcanica, Gymnadenia frivaldii, Jovibarba heuffelii, Lilium martagon, Orchis pallens, Ramonda nathaliae) are protected by the Greek Presidental Decree (67/1981), 8 taxa (Carex ferruginea, Carum rigidulum ssp. bulgaricum, Gentianella crispata, Geum montanum, Hieracium alpicola, Rhamnus pumilus, Saxifraga aizoides, Silene saxifraga) are rare in Greece and/or reach their extreme distribution limits in Northern Greece, 29 taxa (Achillea ageratifolia ssp. aizoon, Achillea fraasii, Alchemilla indivisa, Alchemilla lanuginosa, Alchemilla serbica, Anthyllis aurea, Anthyllis vulneraria ssp. bulgarica, Arabis bryoides, Arenaria cretica, Asperula purpurea ssp. apiculata, Bruckenthalia spiculifolia, Campanula formanekiana, Campanula spatulata ssp. spatulata, Carum strictum, Cerastium rectum, Euphorbia glabriflora, Galium anisophyllon ssp. plebeium, Galium hellenicum, Galium oreophilum, Gentianella bulgarica, Minuartia garckeana, Paronychia macedonica, Pedicularis leucodon ssp. leucodon, Saxifraga porophylla ssp. grisebachii, Sesleria tenerrima, Sideritis scardica, Silene radicosa ssp. radicosa, Stachys iva, Thesium parnassi) are Balkan endemics and 3 taxa (Geum coccineum, Centaurea affinis ssp. affinis, Silene roemeri) find their main distribution area in the Balkan Peninsula extending also to Turkey or Italy. |
